Pollination: The role of flowers in plant reproduction
Introduction Pollination is one of the most critical biological processes on Earth, serving as the primary means through which flowering plants reproduce. Flowers, the reproductive structures of angiosperms, have evolved in myriad forms and colors to attract various pollinators. These pollinators—ranging from insects, birds, and mammals to wind and water—carry pollen grains from the male part of the flower (the anther) to the female part (the stigma). This seemingly simple transfer is essential for the fertilization of the ovules in…